Located in the Western Algarve, Lagos is a city shaped by centuries of maritime influence and cultural exchange. Its rich history, closely tied to the sea, has left a lasting imprint on its architecture, traditions, and character.
The origins of Lagos date back to the Neolithic period, when early settlers were drawn to the natural protection and strategic advantages of its bay. Over time, the area attracted civilisations from across the Mediterranean, including the Phoenicians, Greeks, and Carthaginians.
During Roman rule, Lagos—then known as Lacóbriga—developed into an important military, economic, and cultural centre. Archaeological remains such as coins, defensive walls, and decorative mosaics highlight the city’s significance during this period.
Following the decline of the Roman Empire, Lagos entered a new chapter under Arab rule and became known as Zawala. This era brought significant transformation and helped shape the city’s evolving identity.
In 1332, King D. Afonso IV ordered the reconstruction of the city walls and established Lagos as the headquarters of the Algarve Military Government, reinforcing its strategic and political importance.
Lagos played a central role during Portugal’s Age of Discoveries. Prince Henry the Navigator settled here, turning the city into a key departure point for maritime exploration.
1434: Gil Eanes set sail from Lagos, becoming the first navigator to pass Cabo Bojador.
1441: The first African slaves arrived in Lagos, where the Slave Market—now a preserved historic site—still stands today.
1504: King D. Manuel I granted Lagos a new city charter.
1578: King D. Sebastião elevated Lagos to city status before departing from its harbour on his expedition to North Africa.
1755: The devastating earthquake caused widespread destruction, yet Lagos rebuilt and preserved much of its historical character.
Today, Lagos combines its rich heritage with a vibrant, cosmopolitan atmosphere. Visitors and residents alike can explore historic streets, impressive monuments, and a city that continues to reflect the resilience and spirit shaped by centuries of history.
